Question 1

Twelve-month-old Joshua enters an unfamiliar laboratory playroom with his mother. When she leaves, he gets distressed. Joshua's distress is an example of a:

Accepted Answer

A)   hyperactivating strategy.
B)   deactivating strategy.
C)   denial strategy.
D)   protest strategy.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

In evaluating the evolutionary perspective, the textbook authors conclude that:

Accepted Answer

A)   a weakness of the perspective is that it examines adaptive functions of mating behaviors.
B)   the focus on gender differences that characterize most of the species has allowed evolutionary psychologists to acknowledge the rich, complex variability among individuals and within each gender.
C)   in the search for ancestral causes of human behavior, evolutionary psychologists have also discovered more immediate causes of the same behaviors.
D)   by focusing on how men and women attract and select mates, evolutionary psychologists have neglected to study how people manage their relationships once they begin.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Which of the following statements does NOT express a position consistent with evolutionary perspectives on intimate relationships?

Accepted Answer

A)   Males have developed conscious and explicit preferences for fertility in potential sexual partners.
B)   Evolved psychological mechanisms are responsive to cues in the environment.
C)   Mate preferences evolved to adapt not to the current environment but, rather, to the environment that humans faced thousands of years ago.
D)   Preferences that increase reproductive success should be passed down across generations, even if those preferences impede survival.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 4

1.Outline the fundamental premises of the evolutionary perspective on intimate relationships.

Accepted Answer

Humans must reproduce in order to pass t...

Question 5

13.Describe the strengths and limitations that social ecological models bring to the study of intimate relationships.

Accepted Answer

Social ecological models address questio...

Question 6

Applying Bronfenbrenner's ecological model to couples, the microsystem consists of ________, the mesosystem consists of ________, and the macrosystem consists of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   neighborhood and culture; national and historical forces; a couple's family and friends
B)   national and historical forces; neighborhood and culture; a couple's family and friends
C)   a couple's family and friends; neighborhood and culture; national and historical forces
D)   a couple's family and friends; national and historical forces; neighborhood and cultureE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 7

According to the chapter about theoretical perspectives on intimate relationships, three broad themesÑdyadic interaction, individual differences, and external circumstancesÑcapture the types of variables described by theories of intimate relationships. Yet not all theories focus on all three themes. Which of the following statements about the focus of theories of intimate relationships is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Social learning theory focuses on dyadic interaction and individual differences.
B)   Evolutionary theory addresses both external circumstances and dyadic interaction.
C)   Attachment theory focuses only on individual differences.
D)   Social ecological theory addresses all three themes: dyadic interaction, individual differences, and external circumstances.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 8

10.Imagine that you are a social learning theorist studying communication patterns in intimate relationships. A couple has just arrived at the research lab and you explain that they will be asked to discuss a problem they are trying to solve as well as share with each other a time when someone else (other than their partner) hurt their feelings. What types of data/information will you as the researcher collect based on these interactions? Assuming the couple is in a satisfied relationship, what would you observe about their interactions as compared to couples in unsatisfied relationships?

Accepted Answer

The couple's interactions will be record...

Question 9

Which statement about the comparison between social exchange theory and social learning theory is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Both theories describe explicit mechanisms to explain how relationships change over time.
B)   Social exchange theory describes rewards and costs broadly, but social learning theory focuses more narrowly on interpersonal behaviors.
C)   Both theories consider the balance of rewards and costs in intimate relationships.
D)   Social exchange theory was adapted from economics, but social learning theory was adapted from clinical psychology.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 10

According to the chapter about theoretical perspectives on close relationships, which of the following is true? (Hint: Think about the table at the end of the chapter.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Attachment theory can be faulted because it does not explain why two couples with the same attachment styles might vary.
B)   Social exchange theory offers a compelling explanation for how perceptions of rewards and costs may change over time in a relationship.
C)   Social learning theory overlooks the proximal causes of behavior in relationships.
D)   Evolutionary models focus too much on fossils and other obscure types of evidence that really do not have much to do with human intimacy.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Bowlby, in his original conception of attachment theory, predicted that attachment models would be highly stable over time. How can the research that investigates the continuity of attachment models best be summarized?

Accepted Answer

A)   Attachment models change easily over the course of a person's life.
B)   There are very few similarities between attachment models in caregiver-child relationships and adult intimate relationships.
C)   Although there are some similarities between attachment models in caregiver-child relationships and adult intimate relationships, only caregiver-child relationships activate the attachment behavior system.
D)   Many of the features that characterize caregiver-child relationships also characterize relationships between adults in love.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

One of the major contributions social exchange theory makes to the study of intimate relationships is that it:

Accepted Answer

A)   recognizes that satisfaction is only one component that influences whether a relationship lasts.
B)   explains how some initially satisfied couples become distressed over time.
C)   can explain how perceptions of rewards and costs may change over time.
D)   accounts for relationship patterns across the lifespan.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

In evaluating attachment theory, the textbook authors conclude that:

Accepted Answer

A)   a strength of the theory is its use of a developmental perspective to study the continuity of experiences across the life span.
B)   research on attachment has yet to explore sources of variability in relationship outcomes for individuals who share a common attachment style.
C)   attachment theory helps explain the variability in the values and expectations people bring to their relationships.
D)   all of the aboveE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

In contrast to the evolutionary perspective and to attachment theory, which focus on ________ to understand adult intimate relationships, social exchange theory focuses on ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the present; the past
B)   the past; the present
C)   relationship outcomes; relationship experiences
D)   relationship experiences; relationship outcomesE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

In the Òstinky T-shirtÓ studies, evolutionary psychologists asked men and women to rate the smell of groups of T-shirts that had been worn by either a man or a woman for three nights in a row. What did this unusual research design reveal?

Accepted Answer

A)   Women who were ovulating could smell the difference between more or less genetically fit men.
B)   Women could smell genetic fitness in men, and men could smell genetic fitness in women, but neither gender could smell genetic fitness in other members of their own gender.
C)   Genetically fit individuals smell better than genetically unfit individuals.
D)   Women are more sensitive to smell than men.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

In Hill's ABC-X model of how relationships react to stressful conditions, the C stands for:

Accepted Answer

A)   communication.
B)   adaptation.
C)   perception.
D)   crisis.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Adults who possess positive models of self but negative models of others are classified by attachment theorists as:

Accepted Answer

A)   secure.
B)   dismissing.
C)   fearful.
D)   preoccupied.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT an example of cross-cultural research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Women in the United States and in China are more likely than men to prefer taller mates.
B)   Latino men care more about their partners' virginity than do Latina women.
C)   Men in Canada and Brazil prefer younger partners than do women.
D)   All of the above are examples of cross-cultural research.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

When your friend Tom first started dating Ashley, he told you all about how much he liked her and described her as being the ÒperfectÓ girl for him. However, Tom was worried that Ashley didn't seem to want a committed relationship, and that she might not like him as much as he liked her. When Ashley broke up with Tom, he became very depressed and spent hours talking with you about what went wrong. What is the most accurate statement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tom was showing high attachment-related anxiety and low attachment-related avoidance.
B)   Tom was showing low attachment-related anxiety and high attachment-related avoidance.
C)   Tom would be considered fearful.
D)   Tom experienced a normal reaction to a breakup.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Twelve-month-old Joshua enters an unfamiliar laboratory playroom with his mother. When she leaves, he gets distressed. When his mother hasn't returned after a few minutes, Joshua stops crying and starts playing listlessly in the far corner of the room. Joshua's behavior is an example of a:

Accepted Answer

A)   hyperactivating strategy.
B)   deactivating strategy.
C)   denial strategy.
D)   protest strategy.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Exam 3: Theoretical Frameworks

In evaluating attachment theory, the textbook authors conclude that:

Correct Answer
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According to the chapter about theoretical perspectives on close relationships, which of the following is true? (Hint: Think about the table at the end of the chapter.)

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT an example of cross-cultural research?

Correct Answer
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One of the major contributions social exchange theory makes to the study of intimate relationships is that it:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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In Hill's ABC-X model of how relationships react to stressful conditions, the C stands for:

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement about the comparison between social exchange theory and social learning theory is FALSE?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The couple's interactions will be record...
View Answer

Twelve-month-old Joshua enters an unfamiliar laboratory playroom with his mother. When she leaves, he gets distressed. Joshua's distress is an example of a:

Correct Answer
verified

In contrast to the evolutionary perspective and to attachment theory, which focus on to understand adult intimate relationships, social exchange theory focuses on .

Correct Answer
verified

Adults who possess positive models of self but negative models of others are classified by attachment theorists as:

Correct Answer
verified

In the Òstinky T-shirtÓ studies, evolutionary psychologists asked men and women to rate the smell of groups of T-shirts that had been worn by either a man or a woman for three nights in a row. What did this unusual research design reveal?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements does NOT express a position consistent with evolutionary perspectives on intimate relationships?

Correct Answer
verified

1.Outline the fundamental premises of the evolutionary perspective on intimate relationships.

Correct Answer
verified
Humans must reproduce in order to pass t...
View Answer

Bowlby, in his original conception of attachment theory, predicted that attachment models would be highly stable over time. How can the research that investigates the continuity of attachment models best be summarized?

Correct Answer
verified

13.Describe the strengths and limitations that social ecological models bring to the study of intimate relationships.

Correct Answer
verified
Social ecological models address questio...
View Answer

Twelve-month-old Joshua enters an unfamiliar laboratory playroom with his mother. When she leaves, he gets distressed. When his mother hasn't returned after a few minutes, Joshua stops crying and starts playing listlessly in the far corner of the room. Joshua's behavior is an example of a:

Correct Answer
verified

Applying Bronfenbrenner's ecological model to couples, the microsystem consists of , the mesosystem consists of , and the macrosystem consists of .

Correct Answer
verified

In evaluating the evolutionary perspective, the textbook authors conclude that:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: Theoretical Frameworks

In evaluating attachment theory, the textbook authors conclude that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the chapter about theoretical perspectives on close relationships, which of the following is true? (Hint: Think about the table at the end of the chapter.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an example of cross-cultural research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the major contributions social exchange theory makes to the study of intimate relationships is that it:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Hill's ABC-X model of how relationships react to stressful conditions, the C stands for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about the comparison between social exchange theory and social learning theory is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedThe couple's interactions will be record...View AnswerShow Answer

Twelve-month-old Joshua enters an unfamiliar laboratory playroom with his mother. When she leaves, he gets distressed. Joshua's distress is an example of a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In contrast to the evolutionary perspective and to attachment theory, which focus on ________ to understand adult intimate relationships, social exchange theory focuses on ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adults who possess positive models of self but negative models of others are classified by attachment theorists as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Òstinky T-shirtÓ studies, evolutionary psychologists asked men and women to rate the smell of groups of T-shirts that had been worn by either a man or a woman for three nights in a row. What did this unusual research design reveal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements does NOT express a position consistent with evolutionary perspectives on intimate relationships?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

1.Outline the fundamental premises of the evolutionary perspective on intimate relationships.

Correct AnswerverifiedHumans must reproduce in order to pass t...View AnswerShow Answer

Bowlby, in his original conception of attachment theory, predicted that attachment models would be highly stable over time. How can the research that investigates the continuity of attachment models best be summarized?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

13.Describe the strengths and limitations that social ecological models bring to the study of intimate relationships.

Correct AnswerverifiedSocial ecological models address questio...View AnswerShow Answer

Twelve-month-old Joshua enters an unfamiliar laboratory playroom with his mother. When she leaves, he gets distressed. When his mother hasn't returned after a few minutes, Joshua stops crying and starts playing listlessly in the far corner of the room. Joshua's behavior is an example of a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Applying Bronfenbrenner's ecological model to couples, the microsystem consists of ________, the mesosystem consists of ________, and the macrosystem consists of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In evaluating the evolutionary perspective, the textbook authors conclude that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
The couple's interactions will be record...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

In contrast to the evolutionary perspective and to attachment theory, which focus on to understand adult intimate relationships, social exchange theory focuses on .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Humans must reproduce in order to pass t...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Social ecological models address questio...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Applying Bronfenbrenner's ecological model to couples, the microsystem consists of , the mesosystem consists of , and the macrosystem consists of .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified