Question 1

Describe the primacy and recency effects. Which effect provides support for short-term storage? Explain why. Which effect provides support for long-term storage? Explain why.

Accepted Answer

The primacy effect refers to the better ...

Question 2

Yolanda has a brain tumor. As the tumor gets bigger, Yolanda can no longer form new memories in long-term storage. Yolanda most likely has ________ amnesia.

Accepted Answer

A)   anterograde
B)   retrograde
C)   proactive
D)   retroactiveE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 3

When we make our memories consistent with our current beliefs or attitudes, we are experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)   persistence.
B)   memory bias.
C)   memory misattribution.
D)   suggestibility.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Describe the levels of processing model. Explain the difference between maintenance and elaborative rehearsal, and provide an example (one example for each kind of rehearsal).

Accepted Answer

The levels of processing model say that ...

Question 5

Morgan is currently taking a course on public speaking. Next year, she will most likely remember only general facts from the course, because semantic information is maintained in

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory storage.
B)   short-term storage.
C)   long-term storage.
D)   working memory.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

You study Spanish during high school but then take Portuguese when you are in college. You have trouble learning Portuguese because the Spanish you learned in high school
Keeps coming to mind. This outcome is most likely due to

Accepted Answer

A)   anterograde amnesia.
B)   retrograde amnesia.
C)   proactive interference.
D)   retroactive interference.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D) C

Question 7

People find it very easy to put on a button-down shirt but much harder to write down the steps involved in putting on a button-down shirt. This difference suggests that ________ memory is
Typically an ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   procedural; explicit
B)   procedural; implicit
C)   episodic; explicit
D)   episodic; implicitE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Hogan remembers the general information about a movie he saw a long time ago. He cannot remember the actors or the details from the movie but knows that it was a romantic
Comedy. Hogan's memory of this movie is a(n)  ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   semantic
B)   implicit
C)   procedural
D)   classically conditionedE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Memory is an imperfect record of everything we see and experience primarily because our

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory storage does not last long enough.
B)   long-term storage is limited.
C)   ability to direct attention is limited.
D)   brains' networks of neurons change over time.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 10

The three phases of memory include (i)  changing external information into a neural code, (ii)  retaining the information, and (iii)  accessing it later. In this order, these three memory
Steps are

Accepted Answer

A)   (i)  input, (ii)  storage, and (iii)  retrieval.
B)   (i)  encoding, (ii)  storage, and (iii)  retrieval.
C)   (i)  encoding, (ii)  processing, and (iii)  output.
D)   (i)  input, (ii)  processing, and (iii)  output.E) None of the above
F) B) and C) B

Question 11

Jacob has to write an essay for his writing course and decides to write about a boy who is actually a wizard. When his teacher reads the essay, she realizes that Jacob got the idea from
A popular book. Jacob denies this, honestly believing that he thought of the idea himself. Jacob
Is experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)   cryptomnesia.
B)   source amnesia.
C)   suggestibility.
D)   blocking.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following individuals is suffering from retrograde amnesia?

Accepted Answer

A)   Eva; after waking up from a coma, Eva cannot recall why she is in the hospital or her family members' names.
B)   Adam; after recovering from a concussion, Adam cannot encode or store any new information with which he is presented.
C)   Amy; while attending her psychology class, Amy cannot remember lecture materials well because the material from her previous sociology class keeps showing up in her mind.
D)   Michael; while reviewing what he learned in class one day, Michael is unable to recall information he learned from chemistry class in the morning because he keeps thinking about material covered in math class in the afternoon.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

If you study in the same room in which you take an exam, you will probably do better on the exam than if you had studied elsewhere. This outcome occurs because of ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   semantic
B)   episodic
C)   context-dependent
D)   state-dependentE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 14

In an experiment, you are asked to memorize a list of 30 words shown on a screen. At first, this seems like a challenging task. Then you realize that you can hold more words in
Short-term storage if you

Accepted Answer

A)   expand the capacity of your sensory storage.
B)   try to focus on one code (visual or auditory)  instead of dual codes.
C)   group words together in meaningful ways.
D)   avoid using attention processes for working memory.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Reveille just got a new bank account password: 979tamu. She repeats the code over and over, keeping the information maintained in long-term storage by using

Accepted Answer

A)   elaborative rehearsal.
B)   maintenance rehearsal.
C)   dual coding.
D)   chunking.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

Long-term storage

Accepted Answer

A)   stores information for a limited amount of time.
B)   involves primarily acoustic encoding.
C)   uses dual coding for better encoding.
D)   uses working memory to help maintain information.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D) C

Question 17

When you are studying for an exam, the part of the brain that is responsible for coordinating and strengthening the connections among neurons is the

Accepted Answer

A)   medial temporal lobe.
B)   prefrontal cortex.
C)   cerebellum.
D)   hippocampus.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following individuals is suffering from anterograde amnesia?

Accepted Answer

A)   Eva; after waking up from a coma, Eva cannot recall why she is in the hospital nor her family members' names.
B)   Adam; after recovering from a concussion, Adam cannot encode or store any new information with which he is presented.
C)   Amy; while attending her psychology class, Amy cannot remember lecture materials well because the material from her previous sociology class keeps showing up in her mind.
D)   Michael; while reviewing what he learned in class one day, Michael is unable to recall information he learned from chemistry class in the morning because he keeps thinking about material covered in math class in the afternoon.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Describe the context-dependent memory effect. Describe the state-dependent memory effect. How do these effects influence our ability to recall information? Think about your own life and provide an example of context- and state-dependent memory.

Accepted Answer

The context or environment where we lear...

Question 20

Which of the following is the memory storage that very briefly maintains the physical characteristics of a stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory memory
B)   episodic memory
C)   procedural memory
D)   flashbulb memoryE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Exam 7: Memory

Describe the primacy and recency effects. Which effect provides support for short-term storage? Explain why. Which effect provides support for long-term storage? Explain why.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe primacy effect refers to the better ...View AnswerShow Answer

Yolanda has a brain tumor. As the tumor gets bigger, Yolanda can no longer form new memories in long-term storage. Yolanda most likely has ________ amnesia.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When we make our memories consistent with our current beliefs or attitudes, we are experiencing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the levels of processing model. Explain the difference between maintenance and elaborative rehearsal, and provide an example (one example for each kind of rehearsal).

Correct AnswerverifiedThe levels of processing model say that ...View AnswerShow Answer

Morgan is currently taking a course on public speaking. Next year, she will most likely remember only general facts from the course, because semantic information is maintained in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You study Spanish during high school but then take Portuguese when you are in college. You have trouble learning Portuguese because the Spanish you learned in high school Keeps coming to mind. This outcome is most likely due to

Correct AnswerverifiedC

People find it very easy to put on a button-down shirt but much harder to write down the steps involved in putting on a button-down shirt. This difference suggests that ________ memory is Typically an ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hogan remembers the general information about a movie he saw a long time ago. He cannot remember the actors or the details from the movie but knows that it was a romantic Comedy. Hogan's memory of this movie is a(n) ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Memory is an imperfect record of everything we see and experience primarily because our

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The three phases of memory include (i) changing external information into a neural code, (ii) retaining the information, and (iii) accessing it later. In this order, these three memory Steps are

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Jacob has to write an essay for his writing course and decides to write about a boy who is actually a wizard. When his teacher reads the essay, she realizes that Jacob got the idea from A popular book. Jacob denies this, honestly believing that he thought of the idea himself. Jacob Is experiencing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following individuals is suffering from retrograde amnesia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you study in the same room in which you take an exam, you will probably do better on the exam than if you had studied elsewhere. This outcome occurs because of ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an experiment, you are asked to memorize a list of 30 words shown on a screen. At first, this seems like a challenging task. Then you realize that you can hold more words in Short-term storage if you

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reveille just got a new bank account password: 979tamu. She repeats the code over and over, keeping the information maintained in long-term storage by using

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Long-term storage

Correct AnswerverifiedC

When you are studying for an exam, the part of the brain that is responsible for coordinating and strengthening the connections among neurons is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following individuals is suffering from anterograde amnesia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the context-dependent memory effect. Describe the state-dependent memory effect. How do these effects influence our ability to recall information? Think about your own life and provide an example of context- and state-dependent memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe context or environment where we lear...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is the memory storage that very briefly maintains the physical characteristics of a stimulus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The primacy effect refers to the better ...
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The levels of processing model say that ...
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C

People find it very easy to put on a button-down shirt but much harder to write down the steps involved in putting on a button-down shirt. This difference suggests that memory is Typically an memory.

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B

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C

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The context or environment where we lear...
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