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A note is an order by a drawer to a drawee to pay a payee.

A) True
B) False

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If an instrument fails to qualify as a negotiable instrument, it means that it could still be an enforceable contract, but the special rules regarding negotiable instruments do not apply.

A) True
B) False

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Analynd issues a note to Baliee indicating a specified date of payment in which to pay the note. This is an example of a(n) ________ instrument.


A) time
B) demand
C) recourse
D) draft
E) intermediary

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

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An oral negotiable instrument is permitted under the UCC with special conditions.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between negotiability and an unconditional promise or order to pay?


A) There is no such requirement in order to find negotiability.
B) A promise or order to pay must be specific and not be implied in order for negotiability to be found.
C) Simply acknowledging a debt satisfies the negotiability requirement of an unconditional promise to pay.
D) A common IOU is sufficient to satisfy the negotiability requirement of an unconditional promise to pay.
E) An offer of unconditional partial payment satisfies requirements of negotiability.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is true regarding an IOU instrument containing the language "payable on demand"?


A) The instrument is not negotiable because it does not contain an unconditional promise or order to pay, but it may be an enforceable contract.
B) The instrument contains an unconditional promise to pay; and, therefore, the fact that it is an IOU instrument does not affect negotiability.
C) The instrument contains an unconditional promise to pay but nevertheless is not negotiable because it is an IOU instrument.
D) The instrument is not negotiable because the words "payable on demand" are included; otherwise, the IOU instrument would contain an unconditional promise to pay.
E) The instrument is not negotiable, nor could it be an enforceable contract, because it does not contain an unconditional promise to pay.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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When an instrument fails to meet the technical requirements necessary to qualify as a negotiable instrument, which of the following statements is true?


A) The instrument is still enforced as a negotiable instrument if it has been transferred to a holder in due course.
B) The instrument is still enforced as a negotiable instrument if it has been accepted by a bank.
C) The instrument is still enforced as a negotiable instrument if the holder can establish detrimental reliance based on a reasonable belief that the instrument qualified as a negotiable instrument.
D) The instrument may qualify as an enforceable contract.
E) The instrument is null and void and of no use to the holder.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is a draft with respect to which the drawer and drawee are the same bank or branches of the same bank?


A) Cashier's check
B) Traveler's check
C) Certified check
D) Check certificate
E) Approved draft

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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[Auto Repair] Sam writes a check from his checking account with Banking International to pay Auto Repair for service work it performed on his vehicle. -Under the UCC, what role does Auto Repair hold?


A) Drawee
B) Drawer
C) Owner
D) Payee
E) Payor

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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D

Vivian purchases a certificate of deposit for $10,000 at Right Now Bank. What does the certificate of deposit give Vivian?


A) A note of the bank that gives the right to collect the principal plus interest at a future date.
B) An instrument that states that it is payable 30 days after presentment.
C) A time instrument that is payable within 10 days after presentment.
D) An instrument that states that it is payable on demand or at sight or otherwise indicates that it is payable at the will of the holder, or does not state any time of payment.
E) An instrument that states that it is payable on demand or at sight or otherwise indicates that it is payable at the will of the holder; does not state any time of payment; or is payable within ten days after presentment.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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If a third party never becomes involved in the transaction, it does not matter whether an instrument may be considered negotiable.

A) True
B) False

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True

[Defaulted Loan] Bruce wanted to open his own restaurant, The Burger Bar, and called his friend Janet for a loan. Janet orally agreed to loan Bruce $200,000. The agreement was not put into writing. Two years later, the loan was never repaid and is in default. The Burger Bar is bankrupt and Janet decides to sue Bruce in his individual capacity. -If the reasoning of the case in the text, Athanasios Valsamis v. Néstor González-Romero is followed, what would Janet have to prove in court?


A) Janet does not have to prove anything, as the burden would shift to Bruce to prove an agreement did not exist.
B) Janet must prove money is due and Bruce is the responsible party.
C) Janet must prove money is due.
D) Janet must prove The Burger Bar is the responsible party.
E) Janet must prove money is due and The Burger Bar is the responsible party.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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For an instrument to be negotiable, the instrument must indicate it was created with the purpose of being transferred.

A) True
B) False

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True

Which of the following instruments would classify as a negotiable instrument?


A) A check that states, "Pay to the order of John Green."
B) A check payable to "X."
C) A check payable to "cash."
D) A blank check.
E) A $100 bill.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following does not satisfy the requirement that to be negotiable an instrument must be payable at a time certain or on demand?


A) The instrument states a specific date for payment.
B) The instrument is dated and then states that "payment will be made 5 days after the above date."
C) An instrument that states that payment is due at a fixed time but may be extended at the election of the holder.
D) An instrument that states that "payment will be made 10 days after delivery of the goods."
E) An instrument that permits acceleration of payment and has a fixed date of payment if the acceleration clause is not affected.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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[Book Payment] Hye and Pat signed a contract providing that "Pat will furnish the correct used business law book for use in Hye's business law class; and on August 15, 2016, Hye promises to pay Pat $50 for the book." Hye took the book and planned to pay Pat. Meanwhile, Pat properly assigned the contract Hye had signed to Jack. When Hye went to class, however, she discovered that the book was the incorrect book. When Jack asked Hye for payment, Hye refused. Hye told Jack that the book was useless to her and that she was not paying either him or Pat anything for it. Jack told Hye that he had an enforceable assignment in the form of a negotiable instrument and that he could collect regardless of whether the book was useless. Hye did not believe him. Since she was trying to save money on books, she also agreed to buy Dante's U.S. history book for $40. She had an oral agreement with Dante that he would give her the book and that she would pay him in three days. This time Hye got the right book. Dante, in writing, properly assigned the right to the $40 payment to Aris. Aris asked Hye for the money. Hye admitted her agreement with Dante but told Aris that she was not going to pay him because he did not have a negotiable instrument. Hye also purchased a communications book from Sam promising in writing to give him, to his order, a DVD she had in return the next day. -Which of the following is true regarding Jack's claim that he had a negotiable instrument and could collect from Hye?


A) Jack is correct.
B) The agreement is not negotiable because it does not contain words of negotiability.
C) The agreement is not negotiable because the book was the wrong book.
D) The agreement is not negotiable because Jack was not a party to the original contract.
E) The agreement is not negotiable because the amount at issue is insufficient to create a negotiable instrument.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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________ refers to the quality of a negotiable instrument that ensures it is mobile or available in a commercially reasonable and expected manner.


A) Momentum
B) Movability
C) Performance ability
D) Adaptability
E) Versatility

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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A certificate of deposit is a note of ________.


A) the federal government
B) a state government
C) a bank
D) a third party promisee
E) a private third party

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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The ancient Lex mercatoria, or law of merchants, of England recognized that agreements could be paid for with documents that promised payment and that these documents themselves could then be circulated ________.


A) as a King's document
B) as a bank draft
C) as a substitute for money
D) as a substitute for payment
E) as a court order

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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Fallon is discussing with Lynne the purposes of negotiable instruments for an upcoming test. Fallon indicates that for an instrument to be negotiable, the instrument must indicate that it was created for the purpose of being transferred, is he correct?


A) Yes.
B) No, it must have the words "pay to" on the document.
C) No, the instrument must indicate which bank is to accept the instrument.
D) No, the instrument must indicate the insurer's name on the instrument.
E) No, there is nothing specific that must be on the instrument.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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