Question 1

Describe specific effects of alcohol on each of the following organs: heart, kidney, and brain.

Accepted Answer

Heart: In heavy drinkers, raises blood p...

Question 2

What is the most likely explanation for the body's higher metabolic efficiency of converting a molecule of corn oil into stored fat compared with a molecule of sucrose?

Accepted Answer

A)  The enzymes specific for metabolizing absorbed fat have been found to have higher activities than those metabolizing sucrose.
B)  The absorbed corn oil is transported to fat cells at a faster rate than the absorbed sucrose, thereby favoring the uptake of corn oil fat.
C)  There are fewer metabolic reactions for disassembling the corn oil and re-assembling the parts into a triglyceride for uptake by the fat cells.
D)  Because corn oil has a greater energy content than sucrose, conversion of these nutrients into stored fat requires a smaller percentage of the energy from the corn oil.
E)  The metabolic reactions for disassembling the corn oil and re-assembling the parts into a triglyceride for uptake by the fat cells require less energy themselves.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Which dietary nutrient would most rapidly reverse a state of ketosis in a starving person?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonessential fatty acids
B)  Protein
C)  Amino acids
D)  Carbohydrate
E)  Essential fatty acidsF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

What is the approximate percent efficiency of conversion of food energy to ATP energy in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  30%
B)  50%
C)  70%
D)  90%
E)  99%F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

List four of the liver's functions in the metabolism of each of these nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates
Metabolizes fructose, gala...

Question 6

What is the primary organ that oxidizes alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brain
B)  Liver
C)  Pancreas
D)  Stomach
E)  Small intestineF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

A typical cell contains "powerhouses," which is another name for ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA
B)  ribosomes
C)  mitochondria
D)  electron transport chains
E)  RNAF) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

What is ketosis and how can it be identified? What conditions typically induce a state of ketosis? What are the adverse effects of this condition?

Accepted Answer

A ketone body that contains an acid grou...

Question 9

Describe interactions among the energy nutrients when each is consumed in excess.

Accepted Answer

The body cannot store excess amino acids...

Question 10

What proportion of all domestic violence incidents involve alcohol use?

Accepted Answer

A)  25%
B)  35%
C)  45%
D)  55%
E)  65%F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

MATCHING
-A protein that accelerates a chemical reaction

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethyl
B)  Urea
C)  MEOS
D)  Water
E)  GlucoseF) EnzymeG) GlycogenH) GlycerolI) AmmoniaJ) CoenzymeK) Cori cycleL) LactateM) AcetoacetateN) Acetyl CoAO) PyruvateP) TriglycerideQ) Gastric alcohol dehydrogenaseR) Synthesis of pyruvate from glycogenS) Synthesis of cholesterol from acetateT) Synthesis of acetyl CoA from glucoseU) F) and S)
V) B) and D)

Question 12

How many acetyl CoA molecules may be obtained from oxidation of a 16-carbon fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  4
C)  6
D)  8
E)  16F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

The site of lipid synthesis in the cell is the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus
B)  Golgi bodies
C)  mitochondria
D)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum
E)  exoplasmF) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

If the carbohydrate content of the diet is insufficient to meet the body's needs for glucose, what can be converted to glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fatty acids
B)  Acetyl CoA
C)  Amino acids
D)  Carbon dioxide
E)  UreaF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Fatty acids are taken apart two carbons at a time in a series of reactions known as ____________________.

Accepted Answer

fatty acid...

Question 16

MATCHING
-The principal nitrogen-containing waste product

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethyl
B)  Urea
C)  MEOS
D)  Water
E)  GlucoseF) EnzymeG) GlycogenH) GlycerolI) AmmoniaJ) CoenzymeK) Cori cycleL) LactateM) AcetoacetateN) Acetyl CoAO) PyruvateP) TriglycerideQ) Gastric alcohol dehydrogenaseR) Synthesis of pyruvate from glycogenS) Synthesis of cholesterol from acetateT) Synthesis of acetyl CoA from glucoseU) D) and E)
V) L) and O)

Question 17

In the absence of adequate energy intake, ____________________ are formed from combining acetyl CoA fragments derived from fatty acids.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the absence of adequate energy intake,...

Question 18

MATCHING
-The type of alcohol in distilled spirits, wine, and beer

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethyl
B)  Urea
C)  MEOS
D)  Water
E)  GlucoseF) EnzymeG) GlycogenH) GlycerolI) AmmoniaJ) CoenzymeK) Cori cycleL) LactateM) AcetoacetateN) Acetyl CoAO) PyruvateP) TriglycerideQ) Gastric alcohol dehydrogenaseR) Synthesis of pyruvate from glycogenS) Synthesis of cholesterol from acetateT) Synthesis of acetyl CoA from glucoseU) D) and O)
V) E) and P)

Question 19

Describe the two major pathways for metabolism of alcohol in the liver. How does the liver adapt when forced to metabolize high quantities of alcohol on a daily basis?

Accepted Answer

The liver is the primary site of alcohol...

Question 20

The making of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources is called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The making of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources...

Exam 7: Energy Metabolism

What is ketosis and how can it be identified? What conditions typically induce a state of ketosis? What are the adverse effects of this condition?

Correct AnswerverifiedA ketone body that contains an acid grou...View AnswerShow Answer

List four of the liver's functions in the metabolism of each of these nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Correct AnswerverifiedCarbohydratesMetabolizes fructose, gala...View AnswerShow Answer

A typical cell contains "powerhouses," which is another name for ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which dietary nutrient would most rapidly reverse a state of ketosis in a starving person?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the most likely explanation for the body's higher metabolic efficiency of converting a molecule of corn oil into stored fat compared with a molecule of sucrose?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe specific effects of alcohol on each of the following organs: heart, kidney, and brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedHeart: In heavy drinkers, raises blood p...View AnswerShow Answer

If the carbohydrate content of the diet is insufficient to meet the body's needs for glucose, what can be converted to glucose?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

MATCHING -A protein that accelerates a chemical reaction

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the primary organ that oxidizes alcohol?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many acetyl CoA molecules may be obtained from oxidation of a 16-carbon fatty acid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

MATCHING -The principal nitrogen-containing waste product

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the two major pathways for metabolism of alcohol in the liver. How does the liver adapt when forced to metabolize high quantities of alcohol on a daily basis?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe liver is the primary site of alcohol...View AnswerShow Answer

Fatty acids are taken apart two carbons at a time in a series of reactions known as ____________________.

Correct Answerverifiedfatty acid...View AnswerShow Answer

What proportion of all domestic violence incidents involve alcohol use?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

MATCHING -The type of alcohol in distilled spirits, wine, and beer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The site of lipid synthesis in the cell is the ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the approximate percent efficiency of conversion of food energy to ATP energy in the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe interactions among the energy nutrients when each is consumed in excess.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe body cannot store excess amino acids...View AnswerShow Answer

The making of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources is called ____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the absence of adequate energy intake, ____________________ are formed from combining acetyl CoA fragments derived from fatty acids.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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A ketone body that contains an acid grou...
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Carbohydrates
Metabolizes fructose, gala...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Heart: In heavy drinkers, raises blood p...
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The liver is the primary site of alcohol...
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fatty acid...
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The body cannot store excess amino acids...
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