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A firm that is the sole seller of a product without close substitutes is


A) perfectly competitive.
B) monopolistically competitive.
C) an oligopolist.
D) a monopolist.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following statements is not correct?


A) Consumers will likely benefit in the form of lower prices from buying a product made by a natural monopoly than if the market were served by several firms.
B) Monopolists typically charge higher prices than competitive firms.
C) Monopolists typically produce larger quantities of output than competitive firms.
D) Consumers may benefit from monopolies if the firms invest their higher profits into something that benefits society such as medical research.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Give some examples of the benefits and costs of antitrust laws.

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Benefits include promoting com...

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Which of the following statements is correct?


A) Public ownership is preferred to regulation in order to minimize the deadweight losses associated with natural monopolies.
B) Antitrust laws are always the best way to limit monopoly power.
C) It is possible that the best approach to monopolies is for the government to do nothing.
D) Marginal-cost pricing requires a natural monopoly to earn zero economic profits.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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In a competitive market,a firm's supply curve dictates the amount it will supply.In a monopoly market the


A) same is true.
B) supply curve conceptually makes sense,but in practice is never used.
C) supply curve will have limited predictive capacity.
D) decision about how much to supply is impossible to separate from the demand curve it faces.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Financial aid to college students,quantity discounts,and senior citizen discounts are all examples of


A) consumer surplus.
B) deadweight loss.
C) price discrimination.
D) nonprofit pricing strategies.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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A benefit of a monopoly is


A) efficient production.
B) decreasing long-run marginal costs.
C) profit that can be invested in research and development.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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During the holiday season,high-end retailers frequently place a high price on merchandise on weekends and discount the price during the week.They do this because they believe that two groups of customers exist: shoppers with little free time and bargain hunters.Bargain hunters have time to shop around and frequently shop during the week.What do economists call this price strategy used by high-end retailers?


A) oligopoly
B) price discrimination
C) compensating differential
D) in-kind transfers

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following statements is (are) true of a monopoly? (i) A monopoly has the ability to set the price of its product at whatever level it desires. (ii) A monopoly's total revenue will always increase when it increases the price of its product. (iii) A monopoly can earn unlimited profits.


A) (i) only
B) (ii) only
C) (i) and (ii) only
D) (ii) and (iii) only

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Scenario 14-5 An airline knows that there are two types of travelers: business travelers and vacationers.For a particular flight,there are 100 business travelers who will pay $600 for a ticket while there are 50 vacationers who will pay $300 for a ticket.There are 150 seats available on the plane.Suppose the cost to the airline of providing the flight is $20,000,which includes the cost of the pilots,flight attendants,fuel,etc. -Refer to Scenario 14-5.How much additional profit can the airline earn by charging each customer their willingness to pay relative to charging a flat price of $300 per ticket?


A) $10,000
B) $15,000
C) $30,000
D) $45,000

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Table 14-1 Table 14-1    -Refer to Table 14-1.If the monopolist sells 8 units of its product,how much total revenue will it receive from the sale? A)  $14 B)  $40 C)  $112 D)  $164 -Refer to Table 14-1.If the monopolist sells 8 units of its product,how much total revenue will it receive from the sale?


A) $14
B) $40
C) $112
D) $164

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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To maximize total surplus with a monopoly firm,a benevolent social planner would choose the level of output where


A) MR = MC.
B) MR intersects the demand curve.
C) MC intersects the demand curve.
D) MR exceeds MC by the greatest amount.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Scenario 14-8 Mega Media Cable TV is able to purchase an exclusive right to sell a premium sports channel in its market area.Let's assume that Mega Media pays $100,000 a year for the exclusive marketing rights to the sports channel.Since Mega Media has already installed cable to all of the homes in its market area,the marginal cost of delivering the sports channel to subscribers is zero.The manager of Mega Media needs to know what price to charge for the sports channel service to maximize her profit.Before setting price,she hires an economist to estimate demand for the sports channel.The economist discovers that there are two types of subscribers who value premium sporting channels.First are the 3,000 die-hard sports fans who will pay as much as $150 a year for the new channel.Second,the premium sports channel will appeal to 20,000 occasional sports viewers who will pay as much as $25 a year for a subscription to it. -Refer to Scenario 14-8.How much profit will Mega Media Cable TV earn if it sets the price at $25?


A) $350,000
B) $450,000
C) $475,000
D) $575,000

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Figure 14-7 Figure 14-7   -Refer to Figure 14-7.What area represents the total surplus lost due to monopoly pricing? A)  the rectangle (F-D) xA B)  the triangle 1/2[(F-D) x(B-A) ] C)  the triangle 1/2[(F-G) x(B-A) ] D)  the rectangle (F-D) xA plus the triangle 1/2[(F-D) x(B-A) ] -Refer to Figure 14-7.What area represents the total surplus lost due to monopoly pricing?


A) the rectangle (F-D) xA
B) the triangle 1/2[(F-D) x(B-A) ]
C) the triangle 1/2[(F-G) x(B-A) ]
D) the rectangle (F-D) xA plus the triangle 1/2[(F-D) x(B-A) ]

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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The George Stigler quote,"...the degree of 'market failure' for the American economy is much smaller than the 'political failure' arising from the imperfections of economic policies ..." illustrates the advantage of which type of public policy toward monopolies?


A) antitrust laws
B) regulation
C) public ownership
D) "do nothing"

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The process of buying a good in one market at a low price and selling the good in another market for a higher price in order to profit from the price difference is known as


A) sabotage.
B) conspiracy.
C) arbitrage.
D) collusion.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements is correct?


A) Both a competitive firm and a monopolist are price takers.
B) Both a competitive firm and a monopolist are price makers.
C) A competitive firm is a price taker,whereas a monopolist is a price maker.
D) A competitive firm is a price maker,whereas a monopolist is a price taker.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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When regulators use a marginal-cost pricing strategy to regulate a natural monopoly,the regulated monopoly


A) will experience a loss.
B) will experience a price below average total cost.
C) may rely on a government subsidy to remain in business.
D) All of the above are correct.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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The fundamental cause of monopoly is


A) incompetent management in competitive firms.
B) the zero-profit feature of long-run equilibrium in competitive markets.
C) advertising.
D) barriers to entry.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Sizable economic profits can persist over time under monopoly if the monopolist


A) produces that output where average total cost is at a maximum.
B) is protected by barriers to entry.
C) operates as a price taker rather than a price maker.
D) earns revenues that exceed variable costs.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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