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What type of exporting has the least amount of commitment and risk but will probably return the least profit?


A) direct
B) indirect
C) licensing
D) joint
E) unilateral

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Cultural symbols refers to


A) ideas that can be protected by international copyrights.
B) ideas that cannot be expressed by words or characters.
C) things that represent values that exist solely within a nation.
D) things that represent ideas and concepts.
E) words that represent pictures or designs.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Play devil's advocate. Select any American industry and argue persuasively why protectionism is not only patriotic, it is absolutely essential for survival.

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A quality answer will provide at least t...

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Once a company has decided to enter the global marketplace, it must select a means of market entry. Four general options exist: (1) __________, (2) licensing, (3) joint venture, and (4) direct investment.


A) exporting
B) accreditation
C) countertrading
D) cooperative
E) franchising

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Italy currently has a limit on the number of motorcycles that can be imported from Japan. This restriction would be considered a(n)


A) tariff.
B) trade imbalance.
C) excise tax.
D) quota.
E) subsidy.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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A global market entry strategy that entails a domestic firm actually investing in and owning a foreign subsidiary or division is referred to as


A) licensing.
B) local assembly.
C) a joint venture.
D) direct investment.
E) local manufacturing.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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A Tokyo shopkeeper would have been wise to use __________ to verify the accuracy of the new sign in English he purchased for his dry cleaning business. The sign read, "Drop your pants here for best results," which he did not know had another suggestive meaning to native speakers.


A) cultural symbolism
B) dialect transformation
C) semantic analysis
D) linguistic exchange
E) back translation

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Those in favor of protectionism argue that it


A) helps reduce tariffs and quotas.
B) encourages the development of domestic industries.
C) encourages economic reliance on foreign countries.
D) creates opportunities for the outsourcing of domestic jobs.
E) creates a more favorable environment for a global economy.

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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A global brand is a brand marketed under the same name in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs. However, adaptations of global brands are made


A) only if required by government regulations in the host market.
B) only in its initial introduction into a market and only until the brand is recognized.
C) by domestic competitors causing brand confusion.
D) only when necessary to better connect the brand to consumers in different markets.
E) when there is a serious drop in market share.

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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Explain the difference between joint venture and direct investment market entry strategies. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each approach?

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When a foreign company and a local firm ...

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An assessment of a country's or region's political-regulatory climate includes an analysis of its political stability and


A) economic infrastructure.
B) stock market performance.
C) trade regulations.
D) cultural diversity.
E) currency exchange rates.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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When a U.S. airplane manufacturer sells its airplanes to a company in Germany without using intermediaries, it is referred to as


A) direct exporting.
B) indirect exporting.
C) licensing.
D) foreign manufacturing.
E) foreign assembly.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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A disadvantage of a joint venture arrangement when entering a new global market is that


A) intermediaries have the potential to harm the brand.
B) the firm entering the foreign market must pay royalties to the other firm.
C) one of the companies forgoes control over its product.
D) the two companies may disagree about policies.
E) this method is likely to provide the fewest subsidies from the host country's government.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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A global brand refers to


A) two or more domestic products that coincidentally share the same brand name but represent two completely unrelated products.
B) two or more international products that coincidentally share the same brand name but represent two completely unrelated products.
C) a brand marketed under the same name in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs.
D) a brand that is essentially the same but that has minor adaptations made to meet the more specific needs of different nations.
E) a brand marketed under different names in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Tiffany & Co. knows that Japanese are superstitious about the number four. As a result, Tiffany sells its fine glassware and china in sets of five, not four, in Japan. Tiffany uses its knowledge of __________ to avoid connecting its products with the number four.


A) trademarks
B) visual icons
C) cultural symbols
D) brand names
E) ethnic emblems

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Since 1963, the guiding principle of Mary Kay, Inc., has been based on


A) the Consumer Bill of Rights.
B) the Golden Rule.
C) caveat emptor.
D) the American Marketing Association Statement of Ethics.
E) maximizing profits so long as the firm stays within the rules.

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

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What is considered normal and expected about the way people do things in a specific country is referred to as


A) morals.
B) ethics.
C) values.
D) customs.
E) beliefs.

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Five trends in the past decade have significantly influenced the landscape of global marketing. One of them is


A) the rise of economic integration and free trade among nations.
B) an increase in economic protectionism and a decline in free trade.
C) a more aggressive attitude toward initiating international tariffs and quota systems.
D) a decrease in most countries' GDP and a renewal of nationalism.
E) an increase in most countries' GDP coupled with an increased degree of consumer ethnocentrism.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The U.S. Rice Millers' Association claims that if the Japanese rice market were opened to imports by lowering __________, lower prices would save Japanese consumers $6 billion annually and the United States would gain a large share of the Japanese rice market.


A) boycotts
B) quotas
C) sanctions
D) tariffs
E) subsidies

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The Japanese manufacture tractors for rice paddies. They are smaller than most U.S. tractors and perfect for a weekend farmer who wants to tend to a small garden. The tractors are not sold in the United States through any authorized channels, yet they are available in the United States at prices below the manufacturer's suggested retail price. These Japanese tractors are being sold


A) through the gray market.
B) under the table.
C) over the counter.
D) with bypassed global channels.
E) by breaking the distribution monopoly.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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