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  -Ralph Lauren has a long-term __________ agreement with Luxottica Group, S.p.A. of Milan for the design, production, and worldwide distribution of prescription frames and sunglasses under the Ralph Lauren brand. The agreement is an ideal fit for both companies. Ralph Lauren is a leader in the design, marketing, and distribution of premium lifestyle products, while Luxottica is the global leader in the premium and luxury eyewear sector. A) brand licensing B) generic branding C) multiproduct branding licensing D) mixed branding E) co-branding -Ralph Lauren has a long-term __________ agreement with Luxottica Group, S.p.A. of Milan for the design, production, and worldwide distribution of prescription frames and sunglasses under the Ralph Lauren brand. The agreement is an ideal fit for both companies. Ralph Lauren is a leader in the design, marketing, and distribution of premium lifestyle products, while Luxottica is the global leader in the premium and luxury eyewear sector.


A) brand licensing
B) generic branding
C) multiproduct branding licensing
D) mixed branding
E) co-branding

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Xunrui Communications is an upstart maker of inexpensive smartphones for the Chinese market. Xunrui purchases components and uses small assembly factories in Shenzhen, in southern China. These smartphones retail for about $65 in U.S. dollars, much less than the $250 to $600 for smartphones marketed by Apple or Samsung, the top two marketers of these items. Here, Xunrui Communications most likely is using which pricing strategy?


A) penetration pricing
B) cost-plus pricing
C) target ROI pricing
D) above-market pricing
E) skimming pricing

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

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  -Figure 10-1 above represents the stages of the product life cycle. What does the portion of the curve labeled C represent? A) introduction B) maturity C) growth D) accelerated development E) decline -Figure 10-1 above represents the stages of the product life cycle. What does the portion of the curve labeled C represent?


A) introduction
B) maturity
C) growth
D) accelerated development
E) decline

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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When they were first introduced, peel-back aluminum seals were seen as a great alternative to using a traditional can opener to open cans because many people sliced their fingers with can openers. As soon as the technology became more widely available, many manufacturers switched to this safer, more flexible seal. This packaging innovation demonstrated the importance of a __________.


A) functional benefit
B) reseller benefit
C) communication benefit
D) perceptual benefit
E) psychological benefit

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Sales exhibit a steady downward trend throughout which stage of the product life cycle?


A) introduction
B) decay
C) reposition
D) maturity
E) decline

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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The fourth and last step in the sequential process of building brand equity is to __________.


A) develop positive brand awareness
B) establish a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers
C) elicit the proper consumer responses to a brands identity and meaning
D) create an intense, active, and loyal consumer-brand connection
E) reward loyal customer behavior

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following statements regarding the maturity stage of the product life cycle is most accurate?


A) Marketing emphasis is directed towards generating more consumer awareness.
B) Marketing emphasis switches to finding more channel intermediaries to carry the product.
C) Marketing emphasis aims at stimulating primary demand for the product.
D) Marketing attention is directed toward holding market share through further product differentiation and finding new buyers.
E) Marketing emphasis is directed towards having salespeople allocate less time to selling the product.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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To better connect with its customers, Kraft did what with its Chips Ahoy! cookies?


A) gave the products a more interesting brand personality
B) created additional brand extensions, such as adding chocolate dipped and mint dipped cookies
C) engaged in a co-branding effort with Blue Bell ice cream
D) complied with ISO 9000 total quality management guidelines due to its expansion into Asian markets
E) created a patented resealable opening in the bag for easy access and to maintain freshness

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Managers often use two special indexes to help identify strong and weak market segments in order to provide direction for marketing efforts. The two indexes focus on __________.


A) marketing efficiency and production efficiency
B) dollar market share and unit market share
C) monthly dollar sales by channel and monthly number of units sold by channel
D) sales per square foot and same-store sales growth
E) category development and brand development

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Gatorade offers a range of product offerings. The firm uses one name for all its products in a product class. Gatorade is using a __________ strategy.


A) multibranding
B) family branding
C) co-branding
D) dual branding
E) mixed branding

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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Define brand equity. List the four sequential steps used to develop brand equity. Which step is the most difficult?

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Brand equity is the added value a brand ...

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An organization's use of a name, phrase, design, symbol, or combination of these to identify its products and distinguish them from those of competitors is referred to as __________.


A) a label
B) branding
C) a trademark
D) a brand name
E) a trade name

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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When a company retains a product but reduces marketing costs, it is referred to as __________.


A) skimming
B) harvesting
C) milking
D) deletion
E) divesting

F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

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An expanded marketing mix for services that includes the four Ps (product, price, promotion, and place or distribution) as well as people, physical environment, and process, is referred to as the __________.


A) seven Ps of services marketing
B) service matrix
C) service continuum
D) service encounters
E) service mix

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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All of the following are true about product line extensions EXCEPT:


A) this strategy can result in lower advertising and promotion costs.
B) a risk that comes with product line extensions is that sales of an extension may come at the expense of other items in the company's product line.
C) a product line extension raises the level of brand awareness.
D) line extensions work best when they do not cause cannibalization.
E) product line extensions involve using a current brand name to enter a different product class.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Many nonprofit organizations use PSAs in their media planning. What does the acronym "PSA" stand for?


A) public stakeholder agreement
B) promotional service amendment
C) public sustainability amendment
D) promotional setting announcement
E) public service announcement

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Mixed branding refers to a branding strategy in which a firm __________.


A) gives each product a distinct name when each brand is intended for a different market segment
B) uses different brand names for the same product across multiple countries
C) uses one name for all its products in a product class
D) produces products but sell them under the brand name of a wholesaler or retailer
E) markets some products under its own name(s) and other products under the name of a reseller because the segment attracted to the reseller is different from its own market

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Companies can employ four general branding strategies, which include: (1) multiproduct branding; (2) multibranding; (3) __________; and (4) mixed branding.


A) retailer branding
B) intermediary branding
C) private branding
D) brand licensing
E) co-branding

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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When a product reaches the decline stage of the product life cycle, a firm has two choices. One choice involves product deletion, dropping it from a firm's product line. The other is called __________, which retains the product in the product line but reduces marketing costs.


A) reaping
B) paring down
C) divesting
D) milking
E) harvesting

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

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As product adopters, members of the early majority


A) have a fear of debt and use neighbors and friends as information sources.
B) are skeptical and have below average social status.
C) are deliberate and use many informal social contacts.
D) are leaders in social settings and have a slightly above average education.
E) are venturesome, highly educated, and use multiple information sources.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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