Question 1

The dynamic relationship between precipitation and evaporation in any given location is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   capillary action
B)   leaching
C)   illuviation
D)   soil-water balance
E)   hydrologic cycleF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 2

Organic material generally comprises less than 5% of the total soil volume.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Roughly one half of the volume of an "average" soil type is composed of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   organic material
B)   clay
C)   pore spaces
D)   cations
E)   rocky fragmentsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

Regolith is the loose, inorganic material overlying unfragmented bedrock.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which are the least well-developed of all soil orders?

Accepted Answer

A)   Alfisols
B)   Mollisols
C)   Oxisols
D)   Entisols
E)   VertisolF) B) and E)
G) All of the above D

Question 6

Based on the pH scale soils are neutral at ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   7.0
B)   7.5
C)   8.0
D)   6.5
E)   6.0F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

In the soil, the C horizon is unconsolidated parent material or regolith.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Oxisols are common in the Tropics and occur in Hawaii but are absent from the rest of the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A soil containing an A horizon atop partially altered parent material is said to be immature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Describe a soil-water budge for a Northern Hemisphere middle latitude climate with its greatest precipitation in the summer.

Accepted Answer

The precipitation increases into the sum...

Question 11

The boreal forest in subarctic locations is the typical setting for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   erosion
B)   gleization
C)   calcification
D)   podzolization
E)   laterizationF) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

In semiarid climates there is a tendency for calcium carbonate to build up in a hardpan layer beneath the surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Soil structure is usually determined by clumps called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   colloids
B)   peds
C)   loam
D)   solum
E)   catenasF) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 14

The time necessary for soil formation is about equal to that for soil degradation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 15

Distinctly alkaline diagnostic horizons, thin profiles, lack of organic material, and dominance of sandy materials are features most closely associated with which soil order?

Accepted Answer

A)   Andisols
B)   Mollisols
C)   Gelisols
D)   Aridosols
E)   OxisolsF) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 16

The highest rated soils for overall agricultural productivity are the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Histosols
B)   Mollisols
C)   Alfisols
D)   Oxisols
E)   SpodosolsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

A major determinant of a soil's water holding capacity is its ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   colloids
B)   pH value
C)   soil profile
D)   structure
E)   microorganismsF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Dead plant parts are known as ________ when they accumulate on the surface of the soil.

Accepted Answer

A)   humus
B)   organic debris
C)   microorganisms
D)   nutrients
E)   litterF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Hardpan is a calcium carbonate concentration in the B horizon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Spodosols are among the most fertile soils on the Earth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Soils

The dynamic relationship between precipitation and evaporation in any given location is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organic material generally comprises less than 5% of the total soil volume.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Roughly one half of the volume of an "average" soil type is composed of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regolith is the loose, inorganic material overlying unfragmented bedrock.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which are the least well-developed of all soil orders?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Based on the pH scale soils are neutral at ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the soil, the C horizon is unconsolidated parent material or regolith.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxisols are common in the Tropics and occur in Hawaii but are absent from the rest of the United States.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A soil containing an A horizon atop partially altered parent material is said to be immature.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe a soil-water budge for a Northern Hemisphere middle latitude climate with its greatest precipitation in the summer.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe precipitation increases into the sum...View AnswerShow Answer

The boreal forest in subarctic locations is the typical setting for ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In semiarid climates there is a tendency for calcium carbonate to build up in a hardpan layer beneath the surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Soil structure is usually determined by clumps called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The time necessary for soil formation is about equal to that for soil degradation.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Distinctly alkaline diagnostic horizons, thin profiles, lack of organic material, and dominance of sandy materials are features most closely associated with which soil order?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The highest rated soils for overall agricultural productivity are the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major determinant of a soil's water holding capacity is its ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dead plant parts are known as ________ when they accumulate on the surface of the soil.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hardpan is a calcium carbonate concentration in the B horizon.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Spodosols are among the most fertile soils on the Earth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The precipitation increases into the sum...
View Answer

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